WHY CULTURE SHOCK OCCURS.
One of the attractions of working overseas in a country like Malaysia is that you will be continually challenged by different experiences. Some of these will be good and some will be less than memorable. Cultural shock occurs for many reasons. No matter which country you visit, things will never be done in the same manner as they are "back home". This is a given fact, so don't fight it.
Our personal identity is framed by the community we live in. Part of the way we see ourselves is in relation to other people, as belonging to this or that group. Your personal identity becomes somewhat threatened when your familiar community is replaced by foreign landscapes, people and lifestyles. People respond with varying degrees of anxiety and confusion. This is what is referred to as Culture Shock.
In your home community people interact according to quite precise social rules. When you meet a new person you make eye contact, smile and shake their right hand. If you blow your nose you'll use a tissue or handkerchief. These acceptable ways of behaving have been taught to you since infancy. And if the rules are broken there are known consequences. You also know how to make amends and have confidence that these compensating behaviours will work in regaining social acceptability.
In a new foreign city there are lots of rules you don't know and you're aware that those around you know all the rules. You have no way of knowing if others are going by their own rules, whether you are violating any rules and if so, what the consequences may be and how to compensate if required.
In a sense you are operating in the dark, making social faux pas without realising it. You don't know what to expect of others and they expect unknown things of you, a distinct disadvantage giving rise to all sorts of social insecurities.
The thing to remember is that the appropriate behaviour can be learned. You will learn by observing and asking questions of locals as well as other expats. It may be hard at first to evaluate how well you are adapting but gradually your confidence will build.
HOW
TO LESSEN THE IMPACT.
Before leaving home, familiarise yourself with the new culture you'll soon be living in. Read books, talk to people who have been there, explore this Web site. Find out about the living conditions of local people, the political situation, the currency, climate and what the cuisine is like. Pick up a phrase book and start practicing counting and simple greetings.
Familiarise yourself with the phases of culture shock. This knowledge is like a forecast of rough weather ahead. You'll still have to weather the storm but you'll be better equipped to cope well.
If at all possible take the opportunity of a "Look, See" visit to your new country. Not only will you get a taste for the real estate and other facilities you may need, but you'll experience first hand the cultural contrasts you face.
When you do arrive at your overseas destination, arrange to spend at least 2 or 3 weeks in a hotel. This is the ideal time to orientate to your new territory, find out where your food can be bought, where the Post Office is, and what the tourist attractions are like. Organise your visa, ID card and drivers licence before your get caught up with settling into your new home or apartment.
Talk to someone about how you feel. Whether it's your partner, a colleague or your friend back home and share your feelings about your new home, good and bad. If this doesn't help find a Cross-Cultural Counsellor who best understands what you're going through and how to get through it. Talking with others who have felt similar emotions help normalise what you're experiencing, it's okay to feel that way and it will pass.
However, despite all this, things will still be sent down to test you almost every minute of the day and will even happen to "old hands" - those who have lived here for a long time. Go with the flow for awhile until you learn the ropes.
Stop every so often and think about a migrant coming to your country of birth and trying to obtain a driver's licence when they don't speak your native tongue. Not so easy is it? So be patient in Malaysia and appreciate that someone will be able to communicate with you and that the task will be completed eventually. You may be pleasantly surprised how many things are done here in a prompt, professional and friendly manner.
THE
VARIOUS STAGES & STRATEGIES FOR COPING.
Most expats come to Malaysia because they want to. If this is the case, when you feel an attack of the "expat blues", remind yourself why you wanted to come here in the first place. Chances are you came to Malaysia to experience a different culture - food, people, destinations, arts etc. One of the worst cures for "expat blues" is to seek the advice of another expat with the blues - your complaints will magnify out of all proportions!
Malaysians generally love to have expats for friends but they may be a little shy in initiating the contact. Invite your neighbours around for a drink - this may not be alcoholic, so be culturally sensitive and find out if they consume alcohol when you do the inviting.
There are many different formal models for culture shock but all agree it is a defined process with predictable and manageable stages. These stages can recur periodically depending on the stresses of daily life. Read through these coping strategies and refer to it again when you feel confused. Consider the strategies as advice from those who have gone before.
Stage 1 The Honeymoon lasts from 2 to 8 weeks, you might even miss it.
Signs :
* new experiences are exciting
* you feel fortunate for having the opportunity of moving overseas.
* people are friendly and you smile a lot, you're in control
* your own sense of culture is not threatened.
Strategies :
* be a tourist
* send postcards home while you're feeling so positive,
* book a holiday six months ahead for you to look forward to.
* make contacts through clubs and associations, sign up for some activities
* join a language course
Stage 2 Disintegration lasts 2 or 3 months
Signs :
* daily frustrations can build into disillusionment
* the good things of home loom large
* discussions with other expats reinforce the difficulties of the new culture
* self-doubt and depression may set in
Strategies :
* look after yourself, treat yourself to a massage, exercise,
* avoid alcohol and over-eating
* keep a journal
* get out and be with people
* continue language practice
* keep busy
* set daily goals and make the effort to achieve them.
* list the goals you had for you time overseas and get started
Stage 3 Reintegration Usually from 3rd to 6th month
Signs :
* a sense of standing up to the things and people that are frustrating you
* racial generalisations and a rejection of host culture
* determination to work things out and get things done
* Strategies: build your network of friends
* take that holiday you booked
* continue language study
* spend time with people who enjoy being there
* keep corresponding with people back home
Stage 4 Becoming Functional from around 6 months after arrival
Signs :
* feeling in control and positive again about being where you are
* self-understanding and more tolerant of others
* a sense of comfort operating in the host culture
* you're helping others get through their adjustments
Strategies :
* try new things and explore the culture
* practice the language
* buy some local home furnishings
* do the things you intended to do while in this country before it's time to leave
Stage 5 Creative Independence around 9 months after arrival
Signs :
* you are generally successful in communicating with locals
* enjoying being where you are
* adept at finding things
* no longer stereotyping
* understanding local customs
Strategies :
* either prepare for moving or review your lifestyle for areas that need improving
* if leaving, tie up any loose ends and farewell people properly
* maintain key relationships